It is exciting to see Spanish prosecutors call for criminal penalties for a cultural heritage crime, as criminal penalties may arguably be the only effective deterrent for theft. The disappearance of the Codex Calixtinus made international news in 2011, as the 12^th century manuscript has been described as Europe’s first “travel guide,” providing information to Catholic pilgrims traveling along the Camino de Santiago. After surviving through the centuries, the priceless object was stolen by an electrician from an unlocked vault. Leila Amineddoleh wrote about the theft of the codex (and recommendations for protecting Spanish patrimony) here.